Polynesian cuisine 

Polynesian cuisine offers a wide variety of specialities, mostly based on seafood and exotic fruit, with French and Chinese influences. Dishes tend to use relatively few spices and often include coconut milk, ginger, lime, vanilla or tamarind. Fish and shellfish are prepared in numerous ways: grilled, on skewers, wrapped and baked or deep fried, raw, etc. Among the ocean fish, the most popular species are tuna, mahi-mahi (coryphaena), appreciated for its delicate flavour, opah (or moonfish) and swordfish. The lagoons also offer an incredible variety of fish that are used in traditional cuisine such as parrotfish, scad and red mullet.

Coryphaena, an ocean fish, is also known as mahi-mahi. 
©Shutterstock/MING-HSIANG

Tropical fruit and vegetables

The hot and humid tropical climate is particularly well-suited to growing fruit and vegetables. Taro is widely grown in Polynesia, for both the tuber and the leaves; there is also fafa (tropical spinach), cassava, sweet potato and numerous varieties of fruit, such as uru (breadfruit), which, when cooked, looks similar to bread.

Fresh fruit is often served as dessert, but is also used in salads, fish tartares and cooked dishes. Among the most common are pineapple, which grows on the ground; mango, known as the ‘peach of the tropics’ and papaya, which can be eaten ripe or green, in a salad.

The hot and humid tropical climate is ideal for growing fruit.
©Shutterstock/Aleksei Potov

Coconut.
©Shutterstock/ChameleonsEye

When Uru, the fruit of the breadfruit tree, is cooked, it looks similar to bread.
©Shutterstock/ProStockStudio

Pineapples grow on the ground.
©Shutterstock/Marco Rubino

One of the fruits most associated with the islands is, of course, the coconut. The trunk of the coconut palm, known as the ‘tree of life’, is used as a building material, while the fruit is consumed in all its forms. It is wrapped with a thick layer of fibres, under which a thin brown shell encases sparkling white flesh. When coconuts are young, part of the inside is liquid; this is coconut water. Then, as the fruit ripens, it becomes solid. Coconut milk is used in numerous culinary preparations and is made by pressing grated coconut flesh.

A traditional Polynesian oven is dug in the ground.
©Shutterstock/ChameleonsEye

During meals, local dishes are presented on banana leaves and decorated with flowers. A table prepared for the midday meal on Bora Bora, French Polynesia.
©Shutterstock/Christophe Testi

The Polynesian oven, a traditional cooking technique

During festive occasions, food is still cooked in earth ovens or cooking pits, according to a traditional procedure that dates back to ancient times. This consists in digging a hole about a metre deep, with the surface area varying according to the quantity of food to be cooked. Dry wood is placed on the bottom and covered with volcanic stones. The wood is burnt to heat the stones, then the food (wild pig, fish, taro, cassava, uru, etc.) is wrapped in banana leaves and placed on the stones to cook. The food is covered with more hot stones and then with earth and sand, to create a steaming/braising effect. The oven is then watched constantly and, if any smoke appears through a hole, it has to be blocked. A meal generally takes a few hours to prepare using this traditional method.

Tama’a Maitai! Enjoy your meal!

Alimentarium Team

Sources
WIKIPÉDIA - Polynésie française  https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyn%C3%A9sie_fran%C3%A7aise [consulté le 03.11.2015]
MARAI BELLAIS, Lisa, 2010. Cuisine de Tahiti. D’aujourd’hui et d’ailleurs. Pirae, Tahiti : Éditions Au vent des îles.